BY E. ALEXANDER POWELL
THE NEW FRONTIERS OF FREEDOM
THE ARMY BEHIND THE ARMY
THE LAST FRONTIER
GENTLEMEN ROVERS
THE END OF THE TRAIL
FIGHTING IN FLANDERS
THE ROAD TO GLORY
VIVE LA FRANCE!
ITALY AT WAR
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
THE QUEEN OF RUMANIA TELLS MAJOR POWELL THAT SHE ENJOYS BEING A QUEENTHE NEW FRONTIERS OF FREEDOM
FROM THE ALPS TO THE ÆGEAN
BY
E. ALEXANDER POWELL
NEW YORK
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
1920
COPYRIGHT, 1920, BY
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
Published April, 1920
to a real and lifelong friend
MAJOR J. STANLEY MOORE
of the department of state
AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Owing to the disturbed conditions which prevailed throughout most ofsoutheastern Europe during the summer and autumn of 1919, the journeyrecorded in the following pages could not have been taken had it notbeen for the active cooperation of the Governments through whoseterritories we traveled and the assistance afforded by their officialsand by the officers of their armies and navies, to say nothing of thehospitality shown us by American diplomatic and consularrepresentatives, relief-workers and others. From the Alps to the Ægean,in Italy, Dalmatia, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia, Turkey, Rumania,Hungary and Serbia we met with universal courtesy and kindness.
For the innumerable courtesies which we were shown in Italy and theregions under Italian occupation I am indebted to His ExcellencyFrancisco Nitti, Prime Minister of Italy, andPg viii to former PremierOrlando, to General Armando Diaz, Commander-in-Chief of the ItalianArmies; to Lieutenant-General Albricci, Minister of War; to AdmiralThaon di Revel, Minister of Marine; to Vice-Admiral Count Enrice Mulo,Governor-General of Dalmatia; to Lieutenant-General Piacentini,Governor-General of Albania, to Lieutenant-General Montanari, commandingthe Italian troops in Dalmatia; to Rear-Admiral Wenceslao Piazza,commanding the Italian forces in the Curzolane Islands; toLieutenant-Colonel Antonio Chiesa, commanding the Italian troops inMontenegro; to Colonel Aldo Aymonino, Captain Marchese Piero Ricci andCaptain Ernesto Tron of the Comando Supremo, the last-named being ourcompanion and cicerone on a motor-journey of nearly three thousandmiles; to Captain Roggieri of the Royal Italian Navy, Chief of Staff tothe Governor-General of Dalmatia; to Captain Amedeo Acton, commandingthe "Filiberto"; to Captain Fausto M. Leva, commanding the"Dandolo"; to Captain Giulio Menin, commanding the "Puglia," and toCaptain Filipopo, commanding the "Ardente," all of whom entertained uswith the hospitality soPg ix characteristic of the Italian Navy; toLieutenant Giuseppe Castruccio, our cicerone in Rome and my companion ondirigible and airplane flights; to Lieutenant Bartolomeo Poggi andEngineer-Captain Alexander Ceccarelli, respectively commander and chiefengineer of the destroyer "Sirio," both of whom, by their unfailingthought