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PRESIDENTIAL EDITION

THE WINNING OF THE WEST

BY

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

VOLUME TWO

FROM THE ALLEGHANIES TO THE MISSISSIPPI 1777-1783

WITH MAPS

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED WITH HIS PERMISSION TO

FRANCIS PARKMAN

TO WHOM AMERICANS WHO FEEL A PRIDE IN THE PIONEER HISTORY OF THEIRCOUNTRY ARE SO GREATLY INDEBTED

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER

I.—THE WAR IN THE NORTHWEST, 1777-1778.

II.—CLARK'S CONQUEST OF THE ILLINOIS, 1778.

III.—CLARK'S CAMPAIGN AGAINST VINCENNES, 1779.

IV.—CONTINUANCE OF THE STRUGGLE IN KENTUCKY AND THE NORTHWEST,1779-1781.

V.—THE MORAVIAN MASSACRE, 1779-1782.

VI.—THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE CONQUERED FRENCH SETTLEMENTS, 1779-1783.

VII.—KENTUCKY UNTIL THE END OF THE REVOLUTION, 1782-1783.

VIII.—THE HOLSTON SETTLEMENTS, 1777-1779.

IX—KING'S MOUNTAIN, 1780.

X.—THE HOLSTON SETTLEMENTS TO THE END OF THE REVOLUTION, 1781-1783.

XI.—ROBERTSON FOUNDS THE CUMBERLAND SETTLEMENT, 1779-1780.

XII.—THE CUMBERLAND SETTLEMENTS TO THE CLOSE OF THE REVOLUTION,1781-1783.

XIII.—WHAT THE WESTERNERS HAD DONE DURING THE REVOLUTION.

APPENDICES:

    APPENDIX A—To CHAPTER I.
    APPENDIX B—To CHAPTER II.
    APPENDIX C—To CHAPTER III.
    APPENDIX D—To CHAPTER IV.
    APPENDIX E—To CHAPTER VII.
    APPENDIX F—To CHAPTER VII.
    APPENDIX G—To CHAPTER X.
    APPENDIX H—To CHAPTER XII.
    APPENDIX I—To CHAPTER XIII.
    APPENDIX J—To CHAPTER XIII.

INDEX

[Illustration: The Colonies in 1774, when the First Continental Congressassembled. The heavy line marks roughly the extension of populationwestward. Based on a map by G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York and London.]

[Illustration: The States in 1783, when peace was declared. Based on amap by G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York and London.]

CHAPTER I.

THE WAR IN THE NORTHWEST, 1777-1778.

The Tribes Hold Councils at Detroit.

In the fall of 1776 it became evident that a formidable Indian war wasimpending. At Detroit great councils were held by all the northwesterntribes, to whom the Six Nations sent the white belt of peace, that theymight cease their feuds and join against the Americans. Thelater councils were summoned by Henry Hamilton, the Britishlieutenant-governor of the northwestern region, whose head-quarters wereat Detroit. He was an ambitious, energetic, unscrupulous man, of boldcharacter, who wielded great influence over the Indians; and the conductof the war in the west, as well as the entire management of frontieraffairs, was intrusted to him by the British Government. [Footnote:Haldimand MSS. Sir Guy Carleton to Hamilton, September 26, 1777.] He hadbeen ordered to enlist the Indians on the British side, and have themready to act against the Americans in the spring; [Footnote: Do.,Carleton to Hamilton, October 6, 1776.] and accordingly he gathered thetribes together. He himself took part in the war-talks, plying theIndians with presents and fire-water no less than with speech

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